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Kurile Lake Volcano | John Seach
Kamchatka, Russia
51.45 N, 157.12 E
summit elevation 81 m
Caldera
Kurile Lake is located at the southern end of the Kamchatka Peninsula. The lake is 81 m above sea level and has an area of 76 sq km. It drains into the Ozernaya River, which flows to the Sea of Okhotsk.
The 7-km-wide Kurile Lake caldera is part of the Eastern volcanic belt of Kamchatka. The belt is located 200 km from the Kurile–Kamchatka trench and 100 km above the Wadati–Benioff zone. Kurile Lake caldera is 50 km south of the Ksudach caldera complex which produced two Late Pleistocene and three Holocene caldera-forming eruptions.
Eruption in 6640 BC
An phreatoplinian eruption of Kurile Lake caldera in 6640 BC produced between 140-170 cubic km of tephra or 70-80 cubic km of magma. That makes it the largest Holocene eruption in the Kurile-Kamchatka volcanic arc, and ranks it with the largest Holocene explosive eruptions on the Earth such as Tambora, Kikai, Baitoushan, and Crater Lake. Deposits from the eruption of Kurile Lake reached NW across the Sea of Okhotsk 1700 km to mainland Asia (5 cm thick deposits).
Post-caldera activity included the eruption of Iliinsky and Dikii Greben’ volcanoes.
Further reading
Ponomareva, V. V., et al. "The 7600 (14C) year BP Kurile Lake caldera-forming eruption, Kamchatka, Russia: stratigraphy and field relationships." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 136.3-4 (2004): 199-222.
Kurile Lake Volcano Eruptions
6640 BC