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Lord Howe Island | John Seach
Australia
31.5 S, 159.1 E
summit elevation 875 m
Extinct volcano
Lord Howe Island is located in the South Pacific Ocean, 700km north-east of Sydney and administered by New South Wales. Parts of the island is listed as Natural World Heritage Site.
The preserve includes some 75% of the land area of Lord Howe Island and all of the offshore islands and rocks of significant size in the region. These include the Admiralty Group (immediately to the north-east of Lord Howe Island); Mutton Bird and Sail Rock (just east of the central part of Lord Howe Island); Blackburn (Rabbit) Island (in the lagoon on the western side of Lord Howe Island); Gower Island (just off the southern tip of Lord Howe Island); and Ball's Pyramid (25km south-east of Lord Howe Island), together with a number of small islands and rocks.
Lord Howe Island is the eroded remnant of a large shield volcano which erupted from the sea floor intermittently for about 500,000 years, 6.5 to 7 million years ago in the late Miocene.
The island contains the southernmost true coral reef in the world.
Further Reading
Standard, J.C., 1963. Geology of Lord Howe Island. In Journal of the Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales (Vol. 96, pp. 107-121).
McDougall, I., Embleton, B.J.J. and Stone, D.B., 1981. Origin and evolution of Lord Howe Island, southwest Pacific Ocean. Journal of the Geological Society of Australia, 28(1-2), pp.155-176.
Brooke, B.P., Woodroffe, C.D., Linklater, M., McArthur, M.A., Nichol, S.L., Jones, B.G., Kennedy, D.M., Buchanan, C., Spinoccia, M., Mleczko, R. and Cortese, A., 2010. Geomorphology of the Lord Howe Island shelf and submarine volcano. Geoscience Australia, Canberra.
Kennedy, D.M., Brooke, B.P., Woodroffe, C.D., Jones, B.G., Waikari, C. and Nichol, S., 2011. The geomorphology of the flanks of the Lord Howe Island volcano, Tasman Sea, Australia. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 58(7-8), pp.899-908.
Lord Howe Island Eruptions
6.9 million years ago