Sangihe Islands, Indonesia
4.645 N, 125.03 E
summit elevation -1855 m
Submarine volcano
Kawio Barat volcano is located between the islands of Sulawesi (Indonesia) and Mindanao (Philippines). A survey in 2010 showed hydrothermal activity. Chimney vents emitted sulphurous liquid and were covered with stalked barnacles.
The volcanmo was discovered in 2003 by the research expedition of AISHA (Australia-Indonesia Survey for Submarine Hydrothermal Activity).
Further Reading
Firdaus, M. R., et al. "The Vertical Profile of Chlorophyll-a in the Waters of Submarine Volcano of Kawio Barat, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Vol. 789. No. 1. IOP Publishing, 2021.
Prabowo, Teguh Rahat, Fithriyani Fauziyyah, and Sutikno Bronto. "A new idea: The possibilities of offshore geothermal system in Indonesia marine volcanoes." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Vol. 103. No. 1. IOP Publishing, 2017.
hydrothermal activity